The QualityLink ontology and application profile build on the European Learning Model (ELM). They defines additional classes and properties to describe things not currently covered in ELM.
The QualityLink ontology extends the European Learning Model (ELM) ontology by additional classes and properties required in the context of the QualityLink project.
The additional classes and properties describe things not currently covered in ELM, including certain quality indicators with relevance for the project.
QualityLink further defines an application profile defined as SHACL constraints, which are based on the ELM Learning Opportunities and Qualifications (LOQ) application profile. The application profile is used by the QualityLink pilot aggregator. The QualityLink profile only adds optional properties to the ELM profile, no required ones.
The QualityLink ontology and profile were originally developed based on ELM 3.2 and ELM 3.3.1 (LOQ profile v1.3.0).
The profile references the ELM controlled vocabularies published by the EU.
http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#LearningOpportunitySpecificationThe asbtract specification of an opportunity to acquire a given set of learning outcomes, e.g. the general specification of a course, programme or module offered by an education provider.
This class and its shape are based on the ELM LearningAchievementSpecificationShape and QualificationShape.
Different from the ELM LOQ profile, the shapes are defined as open. Properties that are not used/interpreted by the QualityLink data aggregator have been omitted to simplify the shapes.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| publisher | Higher Education Institution |
0..*
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➙ Publisher, typically the education provider that will offer instances of this learning
opportunity; if not provided, the publisher will be inferred to be the institution
providing the data source.
|
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| identifier | Identifier |
1..*
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➙ Identifier or code, normally assigned by the publisher
|
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| qualification code | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
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➙ Identifying code from a qualification-based reference semantic asset, normally assigned
by a different entity than the publisher, e.g. a national qualifications authority
|
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| title | rdf:langString |
1..*
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➙ Primary name or title; one value per language is permitted
|
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| alternative name | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
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➙ Alternative name(s)
|
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| description | rdf:langString |
0..*
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➙ Free text description of the learning opportunity; one value per language is permitted
|
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| more information | elm:Note |
0..*
|
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➙ Additional free text note(s)
|
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| homepage | elm:WebResource |
0..*
|
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➙ Web page of the learning opportunity
|
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| learning outcomes | Learning Outcome |
1..*
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➙ Intended learning outcomes (one by one)
|
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| learning outcome summary | elm:Note |
0..1
|
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➙ Summary of the intended learning outcomes
|
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| language | skos:Concept |
1..*
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➙ Language(s) in which this learning opportunity is offered; should be provided using
the Language Named Authority List
|
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| thematic area | skos:Concept |
1..*
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➙ Field according to the ISCED-F 2013 Classification; should be provided using the ISCED-F
controlled vocabulary
|
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| thematic area (broad field) | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
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➙ ISCED-F 2013 field, truncated to 2-digit broad field
|
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| thematic area (narrow field) | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
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➙ ISCED-F 2013 field, truncated to 3-digit narrow field
|
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| education subject | skos:Concept |
0..*
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➙ Field of education from another semantic framework than ISCED-F
|
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| EQF level | skos:Concept |
1..1
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➙ Level as specified by the European Qualification Framework (EQF); should be provided
using the EQF controlled vocabulary
|
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| partial qualification | xsd:boolean |
0..1
|
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➙ Indicates whether a qualification is a full qualification or part of another qualification
|
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| NQF level | skos:Concept |
0..*
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➙ Level as specified by the relevant national qualification framework(s); should be
provided using the Qualifications Framework controlled vocabulary
|
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| credit points | elm:CreditPoint |
0..*
|
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➙ Credit points allocated; should be using ECTS
|
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| workload | xsd:duration |
0..1
|
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➙ Estimation of the time the learner would need to complete all learning activities
(e.g. lectures, seminars, projects, practical work, traineeships and individual or
self-directed study, including exam preparation) to achieve the learning outcomes
|
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| type | skos:Concept |
0..*
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➙ Category, provided using the Learning opportunity type controlled vocabulary
|
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| category | rdf:langString |
0..*
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➙ Category, provided as free-text string
|
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| target group | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
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➙ Specific target group or category of learners for which this learning opportunity
is designed; should be provided using the Target group controlled vocabulary
|
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| entry requirement | elm:Note |
0..1
|
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➙ Entry requirement or prerequisites, described as free text
|
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| required learning opportunity for entry | Learning Opportunity Specification or Learning Opportunity Specification Reference |
0..*
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➙ Specific entry requirement or prerequisite to have completed another learning opportunity.
|
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| required learning outcome for entry | Learning Outcome |
0..*
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➙ Specific entry requirement or prerequisite to have achieved a particular learning
outcome.
|
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| proven by | elm:LearningAssessmentSpecification |
0..*
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➙ Description of the assessment methods
|
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| grading scheme | Grading Scheme |
0..1
|
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➙ Information on the grading scheme used, optionally incl. grade distribution information
|
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| passing rate | xsd:nonNegativeInteger |
0..*
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➙ The percentage of learners who pass on average.
|
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| is active | xsd:boolean |
0..*
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➙ Learning Opportunity Specification is active, i.e. instances are currently offered
or the education provider expects that instances will still be offered in the future.
|
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| version | Literal |
0..*
|
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➙ A number or other identifier that indicates the version of the Learning Opportunity
specifcation.
|
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| superseded | Learning Opportunity Specification or Learning Opportunity Specification Reference |
0..*
|
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➙ Learning Opportunity specification superseded another one, which is no longer (or
temporarily not) offered.
|
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| is part of | Learning Opportunity Specification or Learning Opportunity Specification Reference |
0..*
|
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➙ Another learning opportunity of which this one is a part, e.g. a course can be part
of a programme
|
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| has part | Learning Opportunity Specification or Learning Opportunity Specification Reference |
0..*
|
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➙ Another learning opportunity that is part of this one, e.g. a programme can consist
of several courses
|
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| specialisation of | Learning Opportunity Specification or Learning Opportunity Specification Reference |
0..*
|
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➙ A specification (e.g. a qualification standard) that this learning opportunity implements
|
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| instance | Learning Opportunity Instance |
0..*
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➙ A concrete instance or offering of this specification
|
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| banner image | elm:MediaObject |
0..1
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➙ An image that can be used for display of this learning opportunity
|
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| last modified | xsd:dateTime |
0..1
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➙ Date when the specification was last modified
|
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| Learning Opportunity Specification | required learning opportunity for entrysupersededis part ofhas partspecialisation of |
|---|
http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#LearningOpportunityInstanceA concrete instance or offering of a learning opportunity, e.g. a course, programme or module as offered in a specific academic year or semester.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| learning opportunity specification | ql:LearningOpportunitySpecification |
1..1
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➙ Specification of which this is an instance
|
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| provided by | Higher Education Institution |
1..*
|
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➙ The institution(s) providing this instance of the learning opportunity
|
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| identifier | Identifier |
0..*
|
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➙ An identifier of this instance or offering, assigned by the provider
|
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| title | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
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➙ Primary name or title of this instance, if different from the specification; one value
per language is permitted
|
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| description | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
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➙ Free text description of this instance/offering; one value per language is permitted
|
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| more information | elm:Note |
0..*
|
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➙ Additional free text note(s)
|
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| homepage | URL |
0..*
|
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➙ Web page of this particular instance/offering
|
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| registration portal | xsd:anyURI |
0..1
|
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➙ A web page at which one can register or enrol for a Learning Opportunity.
|
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| other documents | URL |
0..*
|
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➙ A public web document containing additional documentation about the Learning Opportunity.
|
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| specific conditions for learner group | Learner Group Conditions |
0..*
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➙ Indicates specific conditions that apply to a certain target group of learners
|
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| language | skos:Concept |
1..1
|
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➙ Language in which this instance is delivered; should be provided using the Language
Named Authority List
|
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| mode | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
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➙ Mode of learning and assessment, provided using the Modes of learning and assessment
controlled vocabulary
|
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| location | dcterms:Location |
0..*
|
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➙ Location where this instance/offering is delivered
|
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| learning schedule | skos:Concept |
0..1
|
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➙ The type of schedule in which this instance is delivered; should be provided using
the Learning schedule type controlled vocabulary.
|
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| term | dcterms:PeriodOfTime |
0..1
|
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➙ Period of time in which this instance is offered, e.g. a semester
|
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| schedule information | elm:Note |
0..1
|
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➙ Detailed information about the timetable or schedule, may include weekly schedules
(e.g. 'Every Monday, 4pm') or the overall schedule (e.g. October: lectures, November:
group-work, December: break, January: assessment)
|
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| duration | xsd:duration |
0..1
|
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➙ The duration during which this instance will be offered
|
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| admissions procedure | elm:Note |
0..1
|
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➙ Information on how to apply for this instance/offering
|
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| application deadline | xsd:dateTime |
0..*
|
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➙ The deadline for applying for this instance/offering
|
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| enrolment capacity | xsd:nonNegativeInteger |
0..*
|
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➙ The number of learners that can register for a Learning Opportunity Instance.
|
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| enrolled learner count | xsd:nonNegativeInteger |
0..*
|
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➙ The number of learners that are currently enrolled for the Learning Opportunity Instance.
|
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| minimum enrolment | xsd:nonNegativeInteger |
0..*
|
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➙ The number of learners that at least need to enrole for a Learning Opportunity Instance
to take place.
|
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| fees | elm:PriceDetail |
0..*
|
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➙ Information about the pricing or tuition fees
|
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| grant | elm:Grant |
0..*
|
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➙ Information on grant possibilities
|
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| learning activity specification | elm:LearningActivitySpecification |
0..1
|
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➙ Detailed information on the learning activities, including the curricula
|
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| virtual learning environment | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
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➙ Specifies (a) virtual learning environment(s) used in the delivery of this learning
opportunity.
|
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| banner image | elm:MediaObject |
0..1
|
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➙ An image that can be used for display of this instance
|
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| last modification date | xsd:dateTime |
0..1
|
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➙ The date when the learning opportunity was last modified.
|
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| Learning Opportunity Specification | instance |
|---|
http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#StudentStaffRatioStatistical information on the student-staff ration in a given reference year, either institution-wide or related to a specified ISCED-F broad field.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| institution | Higher Education Institution |
1..1
|
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➙ Education provider the indicator describes.
|
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| thematic area (broad field) | skos:Concept |
0..1
|
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➙ ISCED-F 2013 broad field to which the student/staff ratio relates
|
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| ratio | xsd:double |
1..1
|
|
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➙ The student-staff ratio for this institution/ISCED-F field/course.
|
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| reference year | xsd:gYear |
1..1
|
|
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➙ The reference year to which this statistical indicator relates.
|
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| data source |
0..*
|
||
|
➙ Database from which this indicator was fetched.
|
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An entity that has full degree awarding powers at higher education level (i.e. EQF levels 5 to 8; QF-EHEA cycle first to third) recognised by at least one national authority.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| identifier | SCHAC Code or OrgReg ID |
1..*
|
|
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➙ ORGREG or SCHAC identifier
|
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| legal name | rdf:langString |
1..*
|
|
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➙ The legal name of the institution. It may have more than one legal name, particularly
in countries with more than one official language. In such cases the language of the
string should be identified.
|
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| primary name | rdf:langString |
1..1
|
|
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➙ Preferred display name of the institution.
|
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| alternative name | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
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➙ Alternative names under which the institution is known, including former names.
|
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| location | dcterms:Location |
0..*
|
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➙ The physical sites of the institution.
|
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| homepage | URL |
0..*
|
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➙ The official website of the institution.
|
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| is member of | Group of Higher Education Institutions |
0..*
|
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➙ Specifies that an organisation is member of an alliance, e.g. a European Universities
alliance, a consortium, or an association, e.g. EUA or EURASHE.
|
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| Learning Opportunity Specification | publisher |
|---|---|
| Learning Opportunity Instance | provided by |
| Group of Higher Education Institutions | has member |
| Learner Group | home institutions |
| Student-staff ratio | institution |
| Learning Opportunity Specification Reference | provided by |
| Learning Opportunity Instance Reference | provided by |
A group or alliance of higher education institutions
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| primary name | rdf:langString |
1..1
|
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➙ Preferred display name of the institution.
|
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| has member | Higher Education Institution |
2..*
|
|
| Higher Education Institution | is member of |
|---|---|
| European University Alliance | |
| Learner Group | home institutions |
An alliance of higher education institutions that is part of the EU's European Universities programme
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Properties from European University Alliance | |||
| identifier | OrgReg ID |
1..*
|
|
|
➙ ORGREG identifier
|
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| Properties from Group of Higher Education Institutions | |||
| primary name | rdf:langString |
1..1
|
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➙ Preferred display name of the institution.
|
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| has member | Higher Education Institution |
2..*
|
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http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#LearningOutcomeA statement regarding what a learner knows, understands and is able to do on completion of a learning process, which are defined in terms of knowledge, skills and responsibility and autonomy.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| identifier | Identifier |
0..*
|
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➙ An alternative identifier of the learning outcome.
|
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| title | rdf:langString |
1..*
|
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➙ A legible, descriptive title for the learning outcome. One value per language is permitted.
|
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| type | skos:Concept |
0..1
|
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➙ The learning outcome type. It should be provided using ESCO Skill Pillar concept types.
|
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| more information | elm:Note |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ An additional free text note about the learning outcome.
|
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| related ESCO skill(s) | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
|
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➙ A link to an ESCO skill. It should be provided using the ESCO skills controlled vocabulary.
|
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| related skill(s) | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
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➙ A link to a related skill or the level of a related skill on a skill framework (except
ESCO). It should be provided using a controlled vocabulary.
|
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| reusability level | skos:Concept |
0..1
|
|
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➙ The reusability level. It should be provided using the ESCO Skill Pillar concept reusability
levels.
|
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| Learning Opportunity Specification | learning outcomesrequired learning outcome for entry |
|---|
Defines specific conditions for a defined target group of learners to whom a Learning Opportunity is offered, e.g. specific fees or registration portals
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| learner group | Learner Group |
1..*
|
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➙ Definition of the specific group of learners to whom these conditions apply
|
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| registration portal | xsd:anyURI |
0..1
|
|
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➙ Link to a portal where students can register for the learning opportunity (specific
for this group of learners).
|
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| admissions procedure | elm:Note |
0..1
|
|
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➙ Information on how to apply for this specific group of learners.
|
|||
| entry requirement | elm:Note |
0..1
|
|
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➙ Entry requirement or prerequisites that apply to this specific group of learners.
|
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| enrolment capacity | xsd:nonNegativeInteger |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Number of learners from the specific group that can be enrolled.
|
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| enrolled learner count | xsd:nonNegativeInteger |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Number of learners from the specific group that are currently enrolled.
|
|||
| minimum enrolment | xsd:nonNegativeInteger |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Number of learners from the specific group that need to at least enrol for the instance
to take place.
|
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| fees | elm:PriceDetail |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Information about the pricing of the course, applicable for this specific target group.
|
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| Learning Opportunity Instance | specific conditions for learner group |
|---|
Defines a target group of learners to whom a Learning Opportunity is offered, e.g. students of a specific alliance or HEI
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| title | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ The title of the target group of learners.
|
|||
| description | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ A free text description of the target group of learners.
|
|||
| identifier | Identifier |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ An identifier for this specific target group of learners.
|
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| open to non-enrolled learners | xsd:boolean |
0..1
|
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➙ Defines the group as learners who are not enrolled as students
|
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| home institutions | Higher Education Institution or Group of Higher Education Institutions |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Defines the group as students from these higher education institution(s)
|
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| specific learning opportunity | Learning Opportunity Specification Reference or Learning Opportunity Instance Reference |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Defines the group as students following a specific other learning opportunity
|
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| specific field | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Defines the group asstudents from (a) specific field(s) of study; use ISCED-F controlled
vocabulary
|
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| minimum EQF Level | skos:Concept |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Defines the group as students enrolled in another learning opportunity at a specified
EQF level or higher; use the EQF controlled vocabulary
|
|||
| information note | elm:Note |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Additional information about the defined group of learners
|
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| Learner Group Conditions | learner group |
|---|---|
| Grade Distribution | reference group |
http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#GradingSchemeSchapeInformation on the grading scheme used.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| identifier | Identifier |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ An identifier of the grading scheme.
|
|||
| title | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ The title of the grading scheme. One value per language is permitted.
|
|||
| description | rdf:langString |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ A free text description of the grading scheme.
|
|||
| other documents | elm:WebResource |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ A public web document containing additional documentation about the grading scheme.
|
|||
| grade distribution | Grade Distribution |
0..*
|
|
|
➙ Information on the statistical distribution of grades in the scheme.
|
|||
| Learning Opportunity Specification | grading scheme |
|---|
http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#GradeDistributionShapeIt describes a histogram of grades achieved by learners within a specific reference group.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| reference group | Learner Group |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ The group of learners for which the histogram of results was established.
|
|||
| grade | Grade |
1..*
|
|
|
➙ One specific grade in the grading scheme with the distribution information.
|
|||
| Grading Scheme | grade distribution |
|---|
http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#GradeShapeDescription of a single grade within a histogram of results.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| label | xsd:string |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ The label of the grade according to the grading scheme it is part of, e.g. 'C', '2+'
or '10'.
|
|||
| order | xsd:positiveInteger |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ A number specifying the order of the grade within the grading scheme, the highest
number indicating the best grade.
|
|||
| percentage | xsd:positiveInteger |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ The percentage of learners earning this grade.
|
|||
| Grade Distribution | grade |
|---|
http://data.quality-link.eu/ontology/v1#IdentifierA character string that identifies a course or another unique object.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| scheme name | xsd:string |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ The name of the identifier scheme.
|
|||
| schema agency | rdf:langString |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ The name of the agency that issued the identifier.
|
|||
| notation | Literal |
1..1
|
|
| creator | IRI |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ An entity responsible for assigning the identifier.
|
|||
| scheme ID | xsd:anyURI |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ Identification of the identifier scheme.
|
|||
| date issued | xsd:dateTime |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ Date of formal issuance of the identifier.
|
|||
| scheme version | xsd:string |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ Identification of the version of the identifier scheme.
|
|||
| Learning Opportunity Specification | identifier |
|---|---|
| Learning Opportunity Instance | identifier |
| Learning Outcome | identifier |
| Learner Group | identifier |
| Grading Scheme | identifier |
| Learning Opportunity Specification Reference | (local) identifier |
| Learning Opportunity Instance Reference | (local) identifier |
The identifier assigned to a higher education institution or other organisation in the Register of Public Sector Organisations (OrgReg)
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| scheme ID | ql:OrgReg |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ Identification of the scheme.
|
|||
| identifier | Literal^(INT|[A-Z]{2})[0-9]{4}$ |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ The OrgReg identifier of the format XX1111.
|
|||
| scheme name | xsd:string |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ The name of the identifier scheme.
|
|||
| Higher Education Institution | identifier |
|---|---|
| European University Alliance | identifier |
The SCHAC code (schacHomeOrganization) is a domain name used to identify a higher education institution.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| scheme ID | ql:Schac |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ Identification of the scheme.
|
|||
| identifier | Literal |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ The SCHAC (schacHomeOrganisation) identifier. Must be a valid DNS domain name.
|
|||
| scheme name | xsd:string |
0..1
|
|
|
➙ The name of the identifier scheme.
|
|||
| Higher Education Institution | identifier |
|---|
http://data.europa.eu/snb/model/application-profile/loq-constraints/URLRegexRestrictionThis shape does not apply on a class. This shape is for checking if the value of contentUrl is well formed.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| content URL, contentURL |
0..*
|
||
|
➙ The public access URL for the subsidy, awarded financially or in-kind, which does
not require repayment., The public access URL.
|
|||
| Higher Education Institution | homepage |
|---|---|
| Learning Opportunity Instance | homepageother documents |
A reference to another Learning Opportunity specification, identified by a provider and a (local) identifier, without further details.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| provided by | Higher Education Institution |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ Higher Education Institution that offers the LO.
|
|||
| (local) identifier | Identifier |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ Identifier of the Learning Opportunity Specification. Must be unique within the scope
of the institution identified with providedBy.
|
|||
| Learning Opportunity Specification | required learning opportunity for entrysupersededis part ofhas partspecialisation of |
|---|---|
| Learner Group | specific learning opportunity |
A reference to another Learning Opportunity Instance, identified by a provider and a (local) identifier, without further details.
| Property name | URI | Expected value | Card. |
|---|---|---|---|
| provided by | Higher Education Institution |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ Higher Education Institution that offers the LO.
|
|||
| (local) identifier | Identifier |
1..1
|
|
|
➙ Identifier of the Learning Opportunity instance. Must be unique within the scope of
the institution identified with providedBy.
|
|||
| Learner Group | specific learning opportunity |
|---|